Train Vehicle Unit (TVU)
Train Vehicle Unit (TVU) in Indian Railways is a measure of traffic density at level crossings, calculated by multiplying the number of trains by the number of road vehicles (in passenger car units) passing over the crossing in a 24-hour period. It determines the classification (Special, A, B, C) and manning status of gates.
Key Aspects of TVU:
- Formula: \(\text{TVU} = \text{No. of Trains} \times \text{No. of Road Vehicles}\).
- Weightage: Trains, bullock carts, and tongas are 1 unit; cycle/auto rickshaws are 0.5 units.
- Census Frequency: A census is conducted once every 3 years.
A Class: \(30,000 - 50,000\) TVU (or \(>1000\) vehicles on 80% line capacity).
B1 Class: \(25,000 - 30,000\) TVU.
B2 Class: \(20,000 - 25,000\) TVU.
C Class: \(< 20,000\) TVU (road traffic).
Significance:
- Safety & Manning: TVU determines if a gate is manned, interlocked, or upgraded.
- Elimination: High TVU justifies building road over-bridges (ROB) or under-bridges (RUB) to replace level crossings.
- Recent Action: Railway Board mandates interlocking at 1,228 LC gates with over 10,000 TVU to enhance safet
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